Int J Sports Med 2005; 26(5): 388-396
DOI: 10.1055/s-2004-821316
Orthopedics & Biomechanics

© Georg Thieme Verlag KG Stuttgart · New York

Biomechanics and Energetics of Basketball Wheelchairs Evolution

L. P. Ardigo'1 , V. L. Goosey-Tolfrey1 , 2 , A. E. Minetti1
  • 1Institute of Biophysical and Clinical Research into Human Movement, Manchester Metropolitan University - Cheshire, United Kingdom
  • 2British Paralympic Association, United Kingdom
Further Information

Publication History

Accepted after revision: July 5, 2004

Publication Date:
26 November 2004 (online)

Preview

Abstract

The aim of this study was to investigate metabolic demand and mechanical work of different basketball wheelchairs that represented significant stages of its evolution from 1960 to date. Four subjects pushed each model on a basketball court at different speeds (from 0.90 to 2.35 m · s-1). During the trials, oxygen consumption was measured. Also, the different forms of mechanical work involved in the exercise were investigated. The oxygen consumption decreased from the oldest model to the next ones, remaining then quite constant. This was also the same with breathing and pushing frequencies. Both the work against air drag and rolling resistance decreased, air drag always played a minor role due to the low speeds investigated. The total mechanical work was highest in the oldest wheelchair and lowest in the newest one. The efficiencies were found similar for all the chairs but the most recent one (less efficient). Already by the 1970's the wheelchair economy had reached an acceptable level, at least partially because of its improved ergonomics. Yet, when focusing on the efficiency, the surprisingly low value with the newest model suggests factors other than the economy (need of better balance, responsiveness, and ground grip) as determinants of the evolution of this device.

References

L. P. Ardigo'

Institute of Biophysical and Clinical Research into Human Movement, Manchester Metropolitan University - Cheshire

Hassall Road

ST7 2HL Alsager

United Kingdom

Phone: + 441612475551

Fax: + 44 16 12 47 63 75

Email: l.p.ardigo@mmu.ac.uk